Study on divertor plasma behavior through sweeping strike point in new lower divertor on EAST

A series of L-mode discharges have been conducted in the new ‘corner slot’ divertor on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) to study the divertor plasma behavior through sweeping strike point. The plasma control system controls the strike point sweeping from the horizontal target to the vertical target through poloidal field coils, with keeping the main plasma stability. The surface temperature of the divertor target cools down as the strike point moves away, indicating that sweeping strike point mitigates the heat load. To avoid the negative effect of probe tip damage, a method based on sweeping strike point is used to get the normalized profile and study the decay length of particle and heat flux on the divertor target λ_js, λ_q. In the discharges with high radio-frequency (RF) heating power, electron temperature T_e is lower and λ_js is larger when the strike point locates on the horizontal target compared to the vertical target, probably due to the corner effect. In the Ohmic discharges, λ_js, λ_q are much larger compared to the discharges with high RF heating power, which may be attributed to lower edge T_e.     

FLTD三电极场畸变气体开关寿命特性

针对设计的一种场畸变气体开关,研究中间电极材料分别为不锈钢和黄铜条件下的烧蚀特性,结合开关寿命期间静态与触发特性的变化规律,获得决定开关寿命的关键因素,为三电极场畸变气体开关的性能优化提供理论支撑。研究结果表明,采用不锈钢和黄铜作为中间电极的烧蚀区域以及表面粗糙度均随着放电次数增加而增大,黄铜电极烧蚀较为严重且表面有明显的烧蚀圆斑,不锈钢电极则具有更高的表面粗糙度,阴阳极表面烧蚀存在明显差异,随着放电次数的增加,击穿点向电极边缘区域集中,影响开关的沿面绝缘特性,是导致开关寿命终结的主要原因。     

Ion transmission in an electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry interface using an S-lens

We present the design and performance of an in-house built electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) interface equipped with an S-lens ion guide. The ion source was designed specifically for our ion beam experiments to investigate the chemical reactivity and deposition of the clusters and nanoparticles. It includes standard ESI-MS interface components, such as nanoelectrospray, ion transfer capillary, and the S-lens. A custom design enables systematic optimization of all relevant factors influencing ion formation and transfer through the interface. By varying the ESI voltage and flow rate, we determined the optimal operating conditions for selected silica emitters. A comparison of the pulled silica emitters with different tip inner diameters reveals that the total ion current is highest for the largest tip, whereas a tip with the smallest diameter exhibited the highest transmission efficiency through the ESI-MS interface. Ion transmission through the transfer capillary is strongly limited by its length, but the loss of ions can be reduced by increasing the capillary voltage and temperature. The S-lens was characterized over a wide range of RF frequencies and amplitudes. Maximum ion current was detected at RF amplitudes greater than 50 V peak-to-peak (p/p) and frequencies above 750 kHz, with a stable ion transmission region of about 20%. A factor of 2.6 increase in total ion current is observed for 650 kHz as RF amplitudes reach 400 V p/p. Higher RF amplitudes also focus the ions into a narrow beam, which mitigates their losses when passing through the ion guide.     

双驱动激波管稀疏波破膜技术研究

本文介绍了在双驱动激波管中运用稀疏波破膜的技术。在以压缩空气和氮气作实验气体的情形下,实验研究了中间段长度、稀疏波强度及中间段B膜的破膜压力（压差）对第二激波追韩第一激波的影响。实验结果表明：中间段的长短,显著地制约着前后两道激波的间隔;稀疏波强度及中间段B膜的破膜压力对稀疏波破膜时间及第二激小对反射稀疏波的追赶有重要影响。     

一种新的运动激波--非定常边界层相互干扰现象

本文探讨了一种新的激波－非定常边界层相互干扰现象，这种激波－边界层干扰现象既不同于定常激波－边界层干扰现象，又不同于激波在端面反射后与该激波所诱导的边界层之间的干扰现象，而是运动激波与稀疏波和第一激波所诱导的非这常边界层之间的干扰现象，本文对这种现象用微波动力学理论进行分析，并把这种干扰现象看成激波的绕射现象，同时在稀疏波破膜的双驱动激波管中进行实验观察，最后把理论分析与实验观察进行了比较。     

Electrical and optical properties of Si-doped indium tin oxides as transparent electrode and anti-reflection coating for solar cells

We have studied the electrical and optical properties of Si-doped indium tin oxides (ITSOs) as transparent electrodes and anti-reflection coatings for Si-based solar cells. The ITSO thin films were obtained by co-sputtering of ITO and SiO₂ targets under target power control. The resistivity of the ITSO thin films deposited at 0.625 in terms of power ratio (ITO/SiO₂) were 391 Ωcm. In this condition, the ITSO thin films showed very high resistivity compared to sputted pure ITO thin films (1.08 × 10⁻³ Ωcm). However, refractive index of ITSO thin films deposited at the same condition at 500 nm is somewhat lowered to 1.97 compared to ITO thin films (2.06). The fabricated graded refractive index AR coatings using ITO, ITSO, and SiO₂ thin films kept over 80% of transmittance regardless of their thickness varing from 97 nm to 1196 nm because of their low extinction coefficient. As the AR coating with graded refractive indices using ITO, ITSO, and SiO₂ layers was applied to general silicon-based solar cell, the current level increased nearly twice more than that of bare silicon solar cell without AR coating.     

Fabrication of Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1−x)4 thin film solar cell by single step sulfo-selenization of stacked metallic precursors

We have synthesized an efficient Cu₂ZnSn(S_xSe_1−x)₄ (CZTSSe) absorbers by using single-step rapid thermal sulfo-selenization process of sputtered stack metallic precursor (Zn/Sn/Cu) films. The structural and morphological studies confirm that the suitability of the rapid thermal sulfo-selenization process for the synthesis of a CZTSSe absorber without any secondary phases with large grains. The annealing atmosphere with a mixed-chalcogen source enhances the grain growth of the CZTSSe absorber as compared with pure Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) and Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ (CZTSe) absorbers. The CZTSSe thin film solar cell shows the best conversion efficiency of ∼7%.     

基于嵌入式的工业控制人机界面系统研究

针对工业控制系统网络化和良好人机交互性的需求,构建和开发了基于ARM9微处理器的通用工业控制人机界面系统。硬件部分主要讨论了以S3C2440微处理器为核心的硬件电路设计,外围电路模块包括SDRAM及Flash存储器电路、以太网电路、RS-232/RS-422电路、触摸屏及LCD接口等电路,在分析了硬件系统信号完整性的前提下,完成了6层PCB的设计工作。软件部分主要研究了U-Boot移植和内核裁剪技术,编写了相关的硬件设备驱动程序,设计了基于QT/Embedded的人机界面和相关应用程序。论文研究最终实现了工业控制系统的人机交互和控制需求。     

针对限制幅值磁共振脉冲的优化设计

在磁共振脉冲优化领域,优化脉冲普遍存在幅值过大的问题,这极大地限制了优化脉冲的使用范围。为了限制优化脉冲的幅值,扩大其应用范围,提出了一种基于L-BFGS-B数值算法的脉冲优化设计方法。首先基于Liouville-von Neuman方程,使用最优控制思想构建优化模型;然后使用L-BFGS-B算法,在限制幅值的条件下对优化模型进行数值迭代求解;最后以脉冲的激发效率以及激发轮廓的均匀性作为衡量优化脉冲优劣的标准对该方法进行仿真和实验验证。结果表明,采用该方法获得的优化脉冲在幅值被限制的前提下,仍能获得较传统磁共振脉冲更好的共振激发效果,进而增强信号的灵敏度,提高图像的质量。     

基于简单透镜列阵的可调焦激光均匀辐照光学系统研究

本文对基于简单透镜列阵的大口径激光均匀辐照光学系统的调焦能力进行了研究, 结果表明, 改变透镜列阵与靶镜之间的距离即可方便地改变靶面上光斑的大小. 文中详细分析了相关参数对调焦能力的影响, 并在此基础上设计出一个实用的光学系统. 用数值方法模拟了激光束通过光学系统后的传输, 发现尺寸不同的靶面光斑具有基本一致的强度结构特征. 定量地分析了光斑内部散斑间隔、调制对比度、顶部不均匀度及能量集中度等描述光斑均匀辐照质量的指标, 并研究了它们随靶面离焦量的变化关系.